TY - JOUR
T1 - 3D Printing-Enabled Nanoparticle Alignment
T2 - A Review of Mechanisms and Applications
AU - Xu, Weiheng
AU - Jambhulkar, Sayli
AU - Ravichandran, Dharneedar
AU - Zhu, Yuxiang
AU - Kakarla, Mounika
AU - Nian, Qiong
AU - Azeredo, Bruno
AU - Chen, Xiangfan
AU - Jin, Kailong
AU - Vernon, Brent
AU - Lott, David G.
AU - Cornella, Jeffrey L.
AU - Shefi, Orit
AU - Miquelard-Garnier, Guillaume
AU - Yang, Yang
AU - Song, Kenan
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH
PY - 2021/11/11
Y1 - 2021/11/11
N2 - 3D printing (additive manufacturing (AM)) has enormous potential for rapid tooling and mass production due to its design flexibility and significant reduction of the timeline from design to manufacturing. The current state-of-the-art in 3D printing focuses on material manufacturability and engineering applications. However, there still exists the bottleneck of low printing resolution and processing rates, especially when nanomaterials need tailorable orders at different scales. An interesting phenomenon is the preferential alignment of nanoparticles that enhance material properties. Therefore, this review emphasizes the landscape of nanoparticle alignment in the context of 3D printing. Herein, a brief overview of 3D printing is provided, followed by a comprehensive summary of the 3D printing-enabled nanoparticle alignment in well-established and in-house customized 3D printing mechanisms that can lead to selective deposition and preferential orientation of nanoparticles. Subsequently, it is listed that typical applications that utilized the properties of ordered nanoparticles (e.g., structural composites, heat conductors, chemo-resistive sensors, engineered surfaces, tissue scaffolds, and actuators based on structural and functional property improvement). This review's emphasis is on the particle alignment methodology and the performance of composites incorporating aligned nanoparticles. In the end, significant limitations of current 3D printing techniques are identified together with future perspectives.
AB - 3D printing (additive manufacturing (AM)) has enormous potential for rapid tooling and mass production due to its design flexibility and significant reduction of the timeline from design to manufacturing. The current state-of-the-art in 3D printing focuses on material manufacturability and engineering applications. However, there still exists the bottleneck of low printing resolution and processing rates, especially when nanomaterials need tailorable orders at different scales. An interesting phenomenon is the preferential alignment of nanoparticles that enhance material properties. Therefore, this review emphasizes the landscape of nanoparticle alignment in the context of 3D printing. Herein, a brief overview of 3D printing is provided, followed by a comprehensive summary of the 3D printing-enabled nanoparticle alignment in well-established and in-house customized 3D printing mechanisms that can lead to selective deposition and preferential orientation of nanoparticles. Subsequently, it is listed that typical applications that utilized the properties of ordered nanoparticles (e.g., structural composites, heat conductors, chemo-resistive sensors, engineered surfaces, tissue scaffolds, and actuators based on structural and functional property improvement). This review's emphasis is on the particle alignment methodology and the performance of composites incorporating aligned nanoparticles. In the end, significant limitations of current 3D printing techniques are identified together with future perspectives.
KW - 3D printing
KW - alignment
KW - composites
KW - nanoparticles
KW - polymers
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U2 - 10.1002/smll.202100817
DO - 10.1002/smll.202100817
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34176201
SN - 1613-6810
VL - 17
JO - Small
JF - Small
IS - 45
M1 - 2100817
ER -