TY - JOUR
T1 - Biometry of thenar muscle origins on the flexor retinaculum
AU - Loss, Jeremy
AU - Li, Zong Ming
N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank Hui Zhang and Rakshit Shah for their assistance in the methodological development and Dr. Richard Drake at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine for providing cadaveric hands. The authors also acknowledge those who donated their hands for the completion of this study. The study described in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01AR068278. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding sources. Funding Information: The authors thank Hui Zhang and Rakshit Shah for their assistance in the methodological development and Dr. Richard Drake at the Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine for providing cadaveric hands. The authors also acknowledge those who donated their hands for the completion of this study. The study described in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R01AR068278. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funding sources. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2020/11/1
Y1 - 2020/11/1
N2 - The transverse carpal ligament (TCL), the main part of the flexor retinaculum, serves as an anchor for the thenar muscles: abductor pollicis brevis (APB), superficial head of the flexor pollicis brevis (sFPB), and opponens pollicis (OPP). Biomechanically, the thenar muscles rely on their TCL anchoring to transmit muscle contractions distally for thumb force and motion production, and reciprocally, muscle contraction interacts with the TCL at the proximal end through the origins. However, scarce knowledge exists regarding the distribution pattern of the thenar muscle origins. The purpose of this study was to understand the anatomical interface between the thenar muscles and TCL by examining the origin distributions of the individual muscles. Ten cadaveric specimens were dissected for digitization of the muscle origins and TCL volar surface. Digitized data were used for mesh reconstruction and calculation of surface areas and centroids. The origin areas for APB, sFPB, and OPP were 105.8 ± 30.3, 64.6 ± 15.2, and 245.9 ± 70.7 mm2, respectively. The surface area of the TCL was 386.2 ± 86.9 mm2. The origin areas of APB and OPP on the TCL were comparable, 18.4 ± 4.8% and 17.3 ± 9.6% of the TCL area, respectively. The origin locations for APB, sFPB, and OPP were in proximal-radial quadrant of the TCL, on distal aponeurosis outside the TCL, and around the ridge of trapezium, respectively. The knowledge of the anatomical interface provides a foundation for the understanding of biomechanical interactions between the muscles and ligaments and pathomechanical implications.
AB - The transverse carpal ligament (TCL), the main part of the flexor retinaculum, serves as an anchor for the thenar muscles: abductor pollicis brevis (APB), superficial head of the flexor pollicis brevis (sFPB), and opponens pollicis (OPP). Biomechanically, the thenar muscles rely on their TCL anchoring to transmit muscle contractions distally for thumb force and motion production, and reciprocally, muscle contraction interacts with the TCL at the proximal end through the origins. However, scarce knowledge exists regarding the distribution pattern of the thenar muscle origins. The purpose of this study was to understand the anatomical interface between the thenar muscles and TCL by examining the origin distributions of the individual muscles. Ten cadaveric specimens were dissected for digitization of the muscle origins and TCL volar surface. Digitized data were used for mesh reconstruction and calculation of surface areas and centroids. The origin areas for APB, sFPB, and OPP were 105.8 ± 30.3, 64.6 ± 15.2, and 245.9 ± 70.7 mm2, respectively. The surface area of the TCL was 386.2 ± 86.9 mm2. The origin areas of APB and OPP on the TCL were comparable, 18.4 ± 4.8% and 17.3 ± 9.6% of the TCL area, respectively. The origin locations for APB, sFPB, and OPP were in proximal-radial quadrant of the TCL, on distal aponeurosis outside the TCL, and around the ridge of trapezium, respectively. The knowledge of the anatomical interface provides a foundation for the understanding of biomechanical interactions between the muscles and ligaments and pathomechanical implications.
KW - anatomy
KW - carpal tunnel syndrome
KW - hand
KW - ligaments
KW - muscles
KW - skeletal muscle fibers
KW - thumb
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U2 - 10.1002/ca.23558
DO - 10.1002/ca.23558
M3 - Article
C2 - 31894884
SN - 0897-3806
VL - 33
SP - 1176
EP - 1180
JO - Clinical Anatomy
JF - Clinical Anatomy
IS - 8
ER -