@article{386c107adbdf4ba6ac5d4ba758060a44,
title = "Context-dependent and variable effects of endohyphal bacteria on interactions between fungi and seeds",
abstract = "Plant-associated fungi often harbor endohyphal bacteria (EHB) that modulate fungal phenotypes. We quantified the effects of EHB on interactions between fungi and seeds of neotropical pioneer trees, which fungi colonize naturally in forest soil. Seeds were exposed to six fungal isolates that harbored EHB, and to clones of those fungi from which EHB were removed by antibiotic treatment. Seed colonization by fungi was evaluated for five tree species, and germination and viability were evaluated for three tree species. EHB influenced seed colonization by fungi in 5 of 30 fungus-tree species combinations, but the magnitude of their effects was small and the direction of effects depended upon fungal isolate-tree species pairs. EHB had rare and context-dependent effects on seed germination and viability, but their effects were strong when observed. Rare but powerful effects of EHB on fungal interactions with seeds highlight important and context-dependent aspects of plant and fungal ecology.",
keywords = "Ascomycota, Barro Colorado Island, Endobacteria, Microbial ecology, Pioneer plants, Seed defense, Symbiosis, Tripartite, Tropical",
author = "Shaffer, {Justin P.} and Zalamea, {Paul Camilo} and Carolina Sarmiento and Gallery, {Rachel E.} and Dalling, {James W.} and Davis, {Adam S.} and Baltrus, {David A.} and Arnold, {A. Elizabeth}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF DEB-1119758 to AA, NSF DEB-1120205 to JD, NSF IOS-1354219 to DB, AA, and RG, NSF-IGERT Fellowship to JS), the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (Short-term Fellowship to JS), the Mycological Society of America (Forest Fungal Ecology Award to JS), and the School of Plant Sciences (Pierson Fellowship to JS). PCZ was supported by NSF DEB-1120205 and was partially supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation to the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (429440, WTW). Additional support from the School of Plant Sciences and College of Agricultural and Life Sciences at the University of Arizona is gratefully acknowledged. Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation ( NSF DEB-1119758 to AA, NSF DEB-1120205 to JD, NSF IOS-1354219 to DB, AA, and RG, NSF-IGERT Fellowship to JS), the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (Short-term Fellowship to JS), the Mycological Society of America (Forest Fungal Ecology Award to JS), and the School of Plant Sciences (Pierson Fellowship to JS). PCZ was supported by NSF DEB-1120205 and was partially supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation to the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute ( 429440 , WTW). Additional support from the School of Plant Sciences and College of Agricultural and Life Sciences at the University of Arizona is gratefully acknowledged. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Ltd and British Mycological Society",
year = "2018",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.funeco.2018.08.008",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "36",
pages = "117--127",
journal = "Fungal Ecology",
issn = "1754-5048",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}