@article{0c12cb80c94448f7ab987a0380960b2f,
title = "Environmental considerations and current status of grouping and regulation of engineered nanomaterials",
abstract = "This article reviews the current status of nanotechnology with emphasis on application and related environmental considerations as well as legislation. Application and analysis of nanomaterials in infrastructure (construction, building coatings, and water treatment) is discussed, and in particular nanomaterial release during the lifecycle of these applications. Moreover, possible grouping approaches with regard to ecotoxicological and toxicological properties, and the fate of nanomaterials in the environment are evaluated. In terms of potential exposure, the opportunities that arise from leveraging advances in several key areas, such as water treatment and construction are addressed. Additionally, this review describes challenges with regard to the European Commission's definition of {\textquoteleft}nanomaterial{\textquoteright}. The revised REACH information requirements, intended to enable a comprehensive risk assessment of nanomaterials, are outlined.",
keywords = "Engineered Nanomaterials, Environmental Nanotechnology, Grouping, Regulation",
author = "Tschiche, {Harald R.} and Bierkandt, {Frank S.} and Otto Creutzenberg and Valerie Fessard and Roland Franz and Bernd Giese and Ralf Greiner and Haas, {Karl‑Heinz H.} and Andrea Haase and Andrea Hartwig and Kerstin Hund‑Rinke and Pauline Iden and Charlotte Kromer and Katrin Loeschner and Diana Mutz and Anastasia Rakow and Kirsten Rasmussen and Hubert Rauscher and Hannes Richter and Janosch Schoon and Otmar Schmid and Claudia Som and G{\"u}nter, {G{\"u}nter E.} and Paul Westerhoff and Wendel Wohlleben and Andreas Luch and Peter Laux",
note = "Funding Information: This work was partially funded by the National Science Foundation (EEC-1449500) Nanosystems Engineering Research Center on Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment. Funding Information: The project nanoGRAVUR funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (2015 to 2018) developed a framework for grouping of NMs. A number of frameworks and reviews that focused on individual endpoints or general methodologies for grouping ( Hund-Rinke et al., 2018; Oomen et al., 2018; Arts et al., 2015; Arts et al., 2014; Oomen et al., 2015; ECHA, 2017; Drew et al., 2017; Kuempel et al., 2012 ) had been developed or were under development in parallel with nanoGRAVUR, which addressed grouping in the perspective of occupational, consumer and environmental safety. Different groups may result for each of the three distinct perspectives or purposes of grouping. The indicators are harmonized between the three perspectives and are structured as follows: Funding Information: The GRACIOUS project funded by the European Commission{\textquoteright} Horizon 2020 programme developed a Framework which facilitates grouping of NMs or nanoforms (NFs) in a regulatory context and as a support to innovation ( Stone et al., 2020 ). The Framework provides an initial set of hypotheses for the grouping of NFs which take into account the identity and use(s) of the NFs, as well as the purpose of grouping. Initial collection of basic information allows selection of an appropriate pre-defined grouping hypothesis and a tailored Integrated Approach to Testing and Assessment (IATA), designed to generate new evidence to support acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis. The IATAs also guide acquisition of the information needed to support read-across. Users can also define their own hypothesis (and IATA for testing the hypothesis) with support of the Framework. Methods and case studies for grouping and read across are currently being further developed in the project, which also introduces proposals for purpose-specific requirements for ensuring a certain level of certainty and similarity. Selected results are collected in a special issue ( Stone, 2021 ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s)",
year = "2022",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.enmm.2022.100707",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "18",
journal = "Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management",
issn = "2215-1532",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
}