TY - JOUR
T1 - Lung inflammation biomarkers and lung function in children chronically exposed to arsenic
AU - Olivas-Calderón, Edgar
AU - Recio-Vega, Rogelio
AU - Gandolfi, A. Jay
AU - Lantz, R. Clark
AU - González-Cortes, Tania
AU - Gonzalez-De Alba, Cesar
AU - Froines, John R.
AU - Espinosa-Fematt, Jorge A.
N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the University of Coahuila (grant number UADEC-204759-14 ), the UCLA/Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (grant number 272941 ) and the Superfund National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (grant number ES-04940 ). We thank the support and love for science to Gabriela Perez. Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2015/9/1
Y1 - 2015/9/1
N2 - Evidence suggests that exposure to arsenic in drinking water during early childhood or in utero has been associated with an increase in respiratory symptoms or diseases in the adulthood, however only a few studies have been carried out during those sensitive windows of exposure. Recently our group demonstrated that the exposure to arsenic during early childhood or in utero in children was associated with impairment in the lung function and suggested that this adverse effect could be due to a chronic inflammation response to the metalloid. Therefore, we designed this cross-sectional study in a cohort of children associating lung inflammatory biomarkers and lung function with urinary As levels. A total of 275 healthy children were partitioned into four study groups according with their arsenic urinary levels. Inflammation biomarkers were measured in sputum by ELISA and the lung function was evaluated by spirometry. Fifty eight percent of the studied children were found to have a restrictive spirometric pattern. In the two highest exposed groups, the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products' (sRAGE) sputum level was significantly lower and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) concentration was higher. When the biomarkers were correlated to the urinary arsenic species, negative associations were found between dimethylarsinic (DMA), monomethylarsonic percentage (%MMA) and dimethylarsinic percentage (%DMA) with sRAGE and positive associations between %DMA with MMP-9 and with the MMP-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) ratio. In conclusion, chronic arsenic exposure of children negatively correlates with sRAGE, and positively correlated with MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 levels, and increases the frequency of an abnormal spirometric pattern. Arsenic-induced alterations in inflammatory biomarkers may contribute to the development of restrictive lung diseases.
AB - Evidence suggests that exposure to arsenic in drinking water during early childhood or in utero has been associated with an increase in respiratory symptoms or diseases in the adulthood, however only a few studies have been carried out during those sensitive windows of exposure. Recently our group demonstrated that the exposure to arsenic during early childhood or in utero in children was associated with impairment in the lung function and suggested that this adverse effect could be due to a chronic inflammation response to the metalloid. Therefore, we designed this cross-sectional study in a cohort of children associating lung inflammatory biomarkers and lung function with urinary As levels. A total of 275 healthy children were partitioned into four study groups according with their arsenic urinary levels. Inflammation biomarkers were measured in sputum by ELISA and the lung function was evaluated by spirometry. Fifty eight percent of the studied children were found to have a restrictive spirometric pattern. In the two highest exposed groups, the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products' (sRAGE) sputum level was significantly lower and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) concentration was higher. When the biomarkers were correlated to the urinary arsenic species, negative associations were found between dimethylarsinic (DMA), monomethylarsonic percentage (%MMA) and dimethylarsinic percentage (%DMA) with sRAGE and positive associations between %DMA with MMP-9 and with the MMP-9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) ratio. In conclusion, chronic arsenic exposure of children negatively correlates with sRAGE, and positively correlated with MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 levels, and increases the frequency of an abnormal spirometric pattern. Arsenic-induced alterations in inflammatory biomarkers may contribute to the development of restrictive lung diseases.
KW - Arsenic
KW - Lung inflammation
KW - Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)
KW - Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE)
KW - Sputum
KW - Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84938993207&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84938993207&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.taap.2015.06.001
DO - 10.1016/j.taap.2015.06.001
M3 - Article
C2 - 26048584
SN - 0041-008X
VL - 287
SP - 161
EP - 167
JO - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
IS - 2
ER -