Peridynamic modeling of void nucleation and growth in metal lines due to electromigration in a finite element framework

This study presents a peridynamic model to predict void formation and growth in metal lines due to electromigration. The nonlocal form of the nonlinear governing equations and boundary conditions for electromigration are derived by using the peridynamic differential operator (PDDO). The equation of motion includes the effect of diffusion strain due to electromigration. Coupled governing equations of atomic concentration and deformation are solved in the Ansys framework with native elements through implicit algorithms. The numerical results show that the current approach can accurately predict the distribution of the deformation, atomic concentration, and hydrostatic stress. Also, the void growth predictions agree well with the experimental predictions.