@article{665f632aeda74572be72ede55d41b12b,
title = "Surfaces of (nearly) dormant comets and the recent history of the quadrantid meteor shower",
abstract = "The parent of the Quadrantid meteor shower is the inactive solar system small body (196256) 2003 EH1. EH1 has likely only gone dormant in the past few hundred years, and may be related to the bright comet C/1490 Y1. Compared with the other best-studied inactive meteor shower parent (3200) Phaethon, EH1 has received comparatively minimal characterization of its surface properties. We present the first reflectance spectrum and additional photometry of EH1, as well as new spectra of the nuclei of three nearly dormant comets P/2006 HR30 (Siding Spring), 364P/Pan-STARRS, and 249P/LINEAR for comparison. We also present new short-term high-resolution orbital integrations of these bodies for context. EH1s spectrum is red in color below 0.8 μm in between C and D types, consistent with previous photometric measurements, but is blue beyond 0.8 μm until at least 1.02 μm. 249P and 364P have both red slopes consistent with C taxonomic types and HR30 has a classic comet nucleus D-type slope. If the downturn in EH1{\textquoteright}s spectrum is due to an absorption feature, magnetite and olivine are plausible candidates, but more data are needed. 249P and 364P have similar recent and historical dynamical evolutions in addition to their similar surface properties. We discuss the interrelation between the dynamical histories and modern surfaces of these four objects and suggest avenues for further study to better constrain how the Quadrantids and Geminids were created.",
author = "Theodore Kareta and Carl Hergenrother and Vishnu Reddy and Harris, {Walter M.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research work was supported in part by NASA Near-Earth Object Observations grant NNX17AJ19G (PI: Reddy). We thank the IRTF TAC for awarding time to this project, and to the IRTF TOs and MKSS staff for their support. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Part of the data utilized in this publication were obtained and made available by the MITHNEOS MIT-Hawaii Near-Earth Object Spectroscopic Survey. The IRTF is operated by the University of Hawaii under Cooperative Agreement no. NCC 5-538 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Space Science, Planetary Astronomy Program. The MIT component of this work is supported by NASA grant 09-NEOO009-0001, and by the National Science Foundation under grants Nos. 0506716 and 0907766. Based on observations obtained at the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSFʼs NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. on behalf of the Gemini Observatory partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigaci{\'o}n y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog{\'i}a e Innovaci{\'o}n (Argentina), Minist{\'e}rio da Ci{\^e}ncia, Tecnologia, Inova{\c c}{\~o}es e Comunica{\c c}{\~o}es (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Funding Information: This research work was supported in part by NASA Near-Earth Object Observations grant NNX17AJ19G (PI: Reddy). We thank the IRTF TAC for awarding time to this project, and to the IRTF TOs and MKSS staff for their support. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. Part of the data utilized in this publication were obtained and made available by the MITHNEOS MIT-Hawaii Near-Earth Object Spectroscopic Survey. The IRTF is operated by the University of Hawaii under Cooperative Agreement no. NCC 5-538 with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Space Science, Planetary Astronomy Program. The MIT component of this work is supported by NASA grant 09-NEOO009-0001, and by the National Science Foundation under grants Nos. 0506716 and 0907766. Based on observations obtained at the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF's NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. on behalf of the Gemini Observatory partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigaci?n y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnolog?a e Innovaci?n (Argentina), Minist?rio da Ci?ncia, Tecnologia, Inova??es e Comunica??es (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",
year = "2021",
month = feb,
doi = "10.3847/PSJ/abd403",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "2",
journal = "Planetary Science Journal",
issn = "2632-3338",
publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",
number = "1",
}